Embodied carbon

Efficient

Embodied carbon strategies 

  • Although initially conceived as a refurbishment within the constraints of the existing utilities — a 200 A three-phase electrical supply and a natural gas connection — Holland Harvey and services engineer Introba quickly identified that retaining fossil fuel infrastructure would lock the hotel into a high-carbon energy pathway for at least another 15 years.
  • Instead of a conventional gas-based system, the design team reviewed the existing building fabric to optimise energy performance through dynamic thermal modelling and passive strategies. The analysis considered the predominantly east–west orientation, with measures introduced to enhance solar control and reduce mechanical demand. These interventions allowed the scale of the heating and cooling systems to be reduced, in turn minimising embodied carbon in plant equipment and roof-mounted infrastructure.
  • Selective material upgrades — including the reuse of existing structural and facade elements — further reduced embodied carbon by limiting demolition and replacement.

Technical and product notes

Acoustic design by Clarke Saunders who specified:

  • Caice CS600 acoustic screens enclosing rooftop plant
  • Regufoam Vibration 150 Plus isolation mats in the gym floor

Windows by Lomax & Wood:

  • 15 Timber Box Sash Windows on ground-floor extension
  • 16 Bespoke Wooden Casement Windows on basement extension

Rooflight and glazing by Glazing Vision:

  • Flushglaze Eaves Rooflight

Operational Emissions / Energy

Efficient

Operational emissions strategies 

  • Following extensive discussions with UK Power Networks, the project secured an upgraded 400 A electrical supply by replacing the transformer in the adjacent property, enabling a fully electric services strategy. 
  • Introba developed an all-electric system combining air-source heat pumps and a Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV) network for heating and cooling. 
  • Hot-water generation was integrated into the VRV system to reclaim waste heat from cooling, lowering peak summer electrical loads and reducing the number of rooftop units required.
  • Originally, limited gas connections were retained for catering and decorative fireplaces, but Miiro’s experienced development team ultimately committed to an all-electric operation. The kitchen now runs entirely without gas and the final gas fireplace was removed before completion. As a result, Miiro Templeton Garden no longer burns fossil fuels. 
  • A modest photovoltaic array on the mansard roof contributes to the hotel’s electricity supply, while the Building Management System and sub-metering — monitored by Introba — allow real-time tracking of energy use to inform ongoing optimisation and future hotel developments.

Afterlife

The project was conceived from the outset as an adaptive reuse initiative, extending the lifespan of a 1970s hotel conversion within a terrace of seven Victorian townhouses. Holland Harvey’s strategy prioritised retention of the existing structural framework and floorplates, preserving the embodied carbon already present in the building fabric. Internal layouts were reconfigured to improve spatial efficiency and to allow greater flexibility for future adaptation, without major structural intervention. The lightweight rear extension was designed to be demountable, enabling potential modification or removal with minimal disruption to the historic terrace.

The project’s conservation-led approach inherently supports circular economy principles by extending the lifespan of existing structures and materials. Original building elements — including the load-bearing masonry, London stock brickwork, and timber windows — were carefully retained, repaired, or reinstated where possible, reducing the need for new materials and minimising waste. 

Durable, repairable materials such as reclaimed bricks, Portland stone, and painted timber were specified for the new works to ensure longevity and maintain opportunities for future reuse. By focusing on refurbishment rather than replacement, the project keeps materials in use for longer and reduces lifecycle waste generation.

Key products in low carbon design

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