Sustainability Report

The carbon assessment of the project is based on an estimation of the embodied carbon of its main construction materials, expressed in kgCO₂e per square metre of gross floor area.

A simplified A1–A3 life-cycle scope (cradle-to-gate) was considered, focusing on the production phase of primary materials. Quantities were derived from the project’s construction budget and material specifications, including concrete foundations, timber structure, insulation, metal cladding, and interior finishes.

Generic embodied carbon factors from international LCA databases and industry benchmarks were used, in the absence of project-specific Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs).

The calculation includes the main structural and envelope components of the building. Minor elements such as fixings, installations, and construction processes were excluded.

Biogenic carbon storage in timber materials is reported separately as a negative value, representing the carbon sequestered during tree growth and stored within the building fabric. This value has been conservatively estimated based on the timber content of the project and standard reference factors.

This assessment should be understood as a preliminary estimate and not as a full whole-life carbon assessment.

The project reduces operational emissions through passive design strategies adapted to the local climate.

North orientation maximises solar gain, while the L-shaped layout protects from prevailing winds. A well-insulated timber envelope further reduces heat loss and energy demand.

These strategies minimise reliance on mechanical systems, resulting in lower annual energy consumption and emissions.

Passive design strategies—north orientation, wind protection, and a well-insulated timber envelope—reduce heating demand and lower operational emissions.