Embodied carbon

Low Carbon

The project reduces embodied carbon through several material and construction decisions:

  • Predominantly timber construction above the concrete basement.
  • Extensive use of prefabricated timber-frame elements, reducing construction waste and improving material efficiency.
  • Use of renewable biobased materials including timber structure and interior finishes.
  • Accoya® modified timber provides a long service life, reducing replacement frequency.
  • Charred Shou Sugi Ban finish protects the timber without conventional paint systems.
  • Mechanically fixed façade boards enable selective repair rather than complete replacement.
  • Components can be disassembled and potentially reused.
  • Interior timber is largely left untreated, avoiding additional finishing materials.
  • The project achieved an MPG score of €0.62/m²/year, demonstrating reduced life-cycle environmental impact under Dutch assessment methodology.

Operational Emissions / Energy

Paris Proof

The project combines passive design with efficient building systems to minimise operational energy demand.

Passive measures

  • Highly insulated building envelope
  • Timber-frame construction
  • Triple glazing
  • Excellent airtightness (qv;10 = 0.2 dm³/s·m²)
  • External shutters
  • External solar shading
  • Natural night ventilation
  • Rooflights for passive cooling

Active systems

  • Air-to-water heat pump
  • Low-temperature underfloor heating
  • Underfloor cooling
  • Demand-controlled ventilation using CO₂ sensors
  • 20 photovoltaic panels (400 Wp each)
  • Approximately 8.0 kWp installed solar capacity

BENG performance

Primary fossil energy use: 15.12 kWh/m²/year

Requirement: 30.00 kWh/m²/year

Renewable energy share: 87.9%

Energy demand: 88.10 kWh/m²/year

Service and maintenance emissions

Low Carbon

Several design choices reduce emissions associated with maintenance over the building's life:

  • Long-life Accoya® timber cladding
  • Charred Shou Sugi Ban finish requiring minimal maintenance
  • Durable timber construction reducing replacement cycles
  • Mechanically fixed façade boards enabling selective repair
  • Individual boards can be removed and replaced
  • No reliance on regular repainting
  • Prefabricated construction improves component quality and longevity
  • Durable envelope reduces future refurbishment needs

Afterlife

Partially, the project incorporates several circular design principles. Examples include:

  • Mechanically screwed façade boards rather than adhesives
  • Individual facade boards can be removed separately
  • Components can be repaired individually
  • Timber elements may be reused after disassembly
  • Durable materials extend service life
  • Prefabrication minimises waste during construction

Key products in low carbon design

Marugame
CO2
Marugame
Zwarthout l Shou Sugi Ban
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