El futuro MunchMuseum no es solo un equipamiento para la salvaguarda y difusión de un patrimonio fundamental de la historia y el carácter de la cultura noruega. Nos encontramos ante una oportunidad única para desarrollar un concepto contemporáneo de museo nutrido de un trascendental rol urbano y una responsabilidad histórica como elemento cohesivo de la comunidad, no solo de Oslo sino de toda la nación.

Su recorrido ascendente conecta el espacio público cubierto del vestíbulo que aloja usos lúdicos, comerciales, culturales y de restauración, con las terrazas/observatorio/club de la cubierta, ofreciendo en paralelo al descubrimiento de la obra de Edvard Munch los diferentes estratos históricos de la ciudad de Oslo.

Este gesto de concebir el sistema vertical de comunicaciones como un espacio público/mirador ascendente es la esencia del carácter heterodoxo que supone desarrollar un museo en vertical. Pero hay más, en este recorrido, el público descubre otro tipo de estancias, salas de restauración, dependencias administrativas, la biblioteca o el centro educativo, que hablan de una complejidad programática que supera la idea convencional del museo como un conjunto de salas que se visitan y una serie de dependencia invisibles en las que se maneja la institución.

El edificio responde a la exigente implicación en los aspectos energéticos y de sensibilidad medioambiental que demanda el público noruego mediante una concepción holística en la que estructura, instalaciones y construcción operan colaborativamente bajo el concepto Passive House. Mínima huella de carbono, sostenibilidad, reciclabilidad y mantenimiento son las directrices de un proceso constructivoconvertido en un acontecimiento en sí mismo centrado en la experimentación y la innovación.Las fachadas, terminadas en aluminio perforado con diferentes grados de trasparencia que ofrecen una percepción enigmática y evanescente del edificio que reacciona a los leves estímulos del clima de Oslo ofreciendo imágenes muy diferentes según el momento; los enormes encofrados deslizantes operando 24 horas; el uso de hormigones y aceros reciclados de baja emisividad; y otros avances convierten al edificio en pionero en varios frentes.

El nuevo Museo Munchinaugurado en otoño de 2021 será un centro dinámico para la cultura contemporánea, con públicos diversos en edad e intereses (expertos, escolares, turistas, amantes del arte) que se espera que acudan periódicamente atraídos por un programa con gran variedad de formatos. Su intensa actividad desplazará el centro de gravedad de Oslo hacia su punto de encuentro con el fiordo refundando a través de la cultura y la fuerza de la sociedad civil el original puerto vikingo que dio origen a la ciudad.

The final façade solution consists of a single back-ventilated layer with corrugated external perforated aluminium panes. This composition meets both functional requirements, such as climate conditions, energy technology, maintenance, daylight, and the needs of a visibly permeable structure linking the interior of the museum with the adjacent Bjørvika Fjord. The west side of the façade is dynamically designed and the most challenging point with regard to energy consumption. The solution here is to modify the placement of the corrugated panels with different degrees of perforation and to use glass with different G-values in the outer façade.

The new Munch Museum in Oslo is close to its completion. On 26,300 m², it will house exhibition halls, event rooms, depots and office spaces. On the basement floors, there will be an auditorium and a cinema, rooms for workshops, readings and concerts as well as two restaurants and a roof terrace. The most striking features of this 13-storey new building are the inclined head towards the opera house and the city centre and a façade of corrugated and perforated aluminium panels, which creates iridescent effects. B+G was responsible, among other things, for the development of a façade concept considering various passive house requirements.

"Edvard Munch is about not accepting conventional rules, about fighting against opposition, about never giving up. The building is there, it has a powerful presence, and it is part of the city. It says, ‘Okay, here I am. I hold the legacy of the most important artist in Norway’s history, and I gaze entranced at Oslo and the fjord because it is the city and its collective dreams that have built me.’"

- Juan Herreros, founding partner Estudio Herreros

A vertical museum

Herreros’s winning architectural proposal is based on the idea of a tower-shaped museum, where the main functions are organized vertically. Sixty metres in height, clad in recycled, perforated aluminium panels of varying degrees of translucency, and with its distinctively leaning top section, the tower is a highly visible landmark from all sides. The large number of gallery spaces distributed over an even larger number of storeys allows for wide variations in ceiling heights and room sizes, enabling optimum spaces to be allocated for both permanent and temporary exhibitions.

The tower, which sits on a three-storey podium, has two zones: one static and one dynamic. The static zone is an enclosed concrete structure, which complies with stringent security, humidity and daylight requirements in order to protect the art within. The dynamic zone, which has an open, transparent façade with views over the city, is where visitors can move between the different exhibition areas.

The architects’ intention is that visitors should discover not only the artworks, but also Oslo and its history. In this way, the building will contribute to establishing strong links between the regeneration of the surrounding urban area and Edvard Munch’s art.

A modern passive house

The structure with its two zones features airlocks to control temperature and humidity at the points of transition between the dynamic and static zones. These systems allow the use of energy-saving, natural ventilation in the dynamic zone. In addition, the enclosed east-facing façade avoids excessive heating during the summer. Overall, very many of the architectural choices are climate-driven.

MUNCH is a prestigious project for the City of Oslo and has been planned in accordance with the FutureBuilt criteria. Such buildings must at least halve their greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional modern buildings in relation to transport, energy consumption and choice of materials.

Its compact shape, very high-quality windows and partially natural ventilation are just some of the measures that have allowed the building to achieve the desired energy savings.

MUNCH has been built using low-carbon concrete and recycled steel, and its loadbearing structure has been designed with a technical lifetime of 200 years. In addition, the building complies with Passive Building standards. In other words, energy consumption is reduced with the assistance of passive measures such as additional heat recovery, extremely well-insulated windows and excellent insulation. The wavy alumiumum panels screen sunlight effectively, and also reflect and refract sunlight to avoid excessive temperature fluctuations.

The building, its conceptual approach and construction systems, wants to be an expression of the collective engagements of the Norwegian society to the environment echoing its present challenges and the desire for innovation that confidently steps forward into a better future.

In addition to structural factors, a number of measures will reduce MUNCH’s climate footprint. The building is connected to a district-heating system and also to a seawater cooling plant. It also features an energy control system that optimizes energy consumption. The building has no visitor or staff car-parking spaces. Its location very close to the city’s largest public transport hub and the 100 cycle-parking spaces at Edvard Munchs plass will negate any need to arrive by car.

Overall, these measures will ensure that MUNCH has a lower energy consumption per square metre than the building we are leaving at Tøyen.

A cultural building for all

From the start, Herreros has intended MUNCH to be a non-intimidating building, unlike some traditional art museums. Easily entered from the surrounding streets in Bjørvika, the new building will offer art, culture, and eating and drinking venues on 13 floors, plus its top floor will offer some of Oslo’s most spectacular views.

Everyone will find something to interest and inspire them in our rich programme of concerts, literary events and debates, together with painting workshops where children and adults can enjoy making art together.

The staff areas are discreetly visible to museum visitors, in accordance with the architects’ objective of making visible the large group of dedicated professionals who work to conserve and display the art to its best advantage.

- The building is part of a generation of new museums all over the world that are redefining cultural institutions, and that are moving forward from the concept of an historical archive to become venues for social gatherings – places where everyone can meet up and discover something new, says Herreros.

The new Munch Museum in Oslo, Norway, is destined to be an iconic monument, dedicated to the Norwegian artist Edvard Munch. LED Luks is proud to have delivered a customized version of Kyra luminaire, which standardly comes as a single luminaire, available in four different lengths. The project required longer lines, thus a re-design of the standard Kyra was necessary to make the luminaire a continuous light-line solution. As such, it delivers homogeneous illumination and low UGR.

The re-engineering of Kyra is evolving further and the luminaire will be soon a fully customizable solution, so stay tuned for the updates in the following months.

The well-thought lighting design in the Munch Museum focuses on the ability to create ambience mood and dynamics that together play a key role in the identity of the rooms. The concept is well balanced between architectural design and a good light level with the right technology that achieves lighting requirements for the various functions in the rooms, and makes the daily work area a comfortable, functional and inspiring environment.

DISTRIBUTOR: SML Lighting 
LED Luks' PRODUCTS: KYRA Pendant System, KYRA Ceiling Direct/Indirect