Construction
All About Construction
Construction is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure. It starts with planning, design, and financing and continues until the project is built and ready for use. There are three sectors of construction: buildings, infrastructure and industrial. Building construction is usually further divided into residential and non-residential. Industrial construction includes refineries, process chemical, power generation, mills and manufacturing plants.
Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property or construction of buildings. The majority of building construction includes small renovations such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom. Commercial building construction is procured privately or publicly utilizing various delivery methodologies, including cost estimating, hard bid, negotiated price, traditional, management contracting, construction management-at-risk, design & build and design-build bridging. Residential construction practices, technologies, and resources must conform to local building authority regulations and codes of practice.
The materials needed are also a crucial aspect of construction and will depend on the type of project. Materials can range from sand, gravel, cement, wood, and steel to asphalt, pipes, and concrete blocks etc. Materials readily available in the area generally dictate the construction materials used. Cost of construction on per square meter basis for houses can vary dramatically rely upon the related site’s conditions, local regulations, economies of scale (custom designed homes are often more expensive to build) and the availability of skilled tradesmen. Residential construction as well as other types of construction can generate waste and hence prior waste management planning is crucial.
Almost all construction projects can be broadly categorized into one of the three types of projects: buildings and houses, public works, industrial-type structures. Building projects may involve renovations on existing buildings or building from scratch. Public works involve roads, railways, water and waste water distribution and purification systems, damns, and bridges. Finally, industrial projects include refineries, pipelines, power utilities, manufacturing plants, and telecommunication infrastructure.
A construction project usually starts with a conceptual phase. In this phase, the idea of what you want to build comes together. It is followed by a design phase. The design phase involves a varied group of individuals who put together specifications and blueprints for the project. The construction phase comes next and involves equipment, construction materials, and contractors. With larger sites, heavy machinery would be used. Common equipment on construction sites includes hand-held tools and power tools. Heavy machinery may include cranes, earth-moving equipment like bulldozers and excavators, cement mixers, as well as trucks and haulers to transport materials.
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