Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a structural material used in construction. It consists of panels made from multiple layers of glued sawn timber boards, which are laid perpendicular to one another. The minimum number of layers used in CLT panels is three, and the boards are structurally classified.
Applications
CLT panels can serve as structural elements in various components of a building, such as walls, floors, and roofs.
Typology of Projects with CLT
CLT can be used to create the structure of any type of building. Its technical characteristics make it suitable for small buildings as well as medium- and high-rise constructions.
Advantages of CLT
- Optimal Strength-to-Weight Ratio:
CLT structures are strong yet lightweight, allowing for optimized foundations and reducing foundation costs. Its lightness makes on-site handling easier compared to other materials, making it particularly appealing for extensions to existing buildings.
- Higher Degree of Industrialization and Precision:
Thanks to computer numerical control (CNC) machines, CLT panels are manufactured to precise dimensions and shapes, resulting in greater accuracy and a lower risk of on-site errors. However, this requires careful planning in the design phase, as the panels are produced with a high level of precision, ready for direct installation.
- Dry Construction and Quick Assembly:
On-site waiting times are minimized since there is no need for curing or setting times before loading the structure. CLT panels allow for easy and rapid assembly, leading to shorter construction times and reduced costs. This method also generates less waste and conserves resources like water.
- Reduction of Carbon Footprint When Produced Locally:
CLT is a circular, renewable, and recyclable material. Wood, at the end of its life cycle, has a negative carbon footprint, making it an environmentally friendly construction option. Additionally, as a building element, CLT continues to store CO2 throughout its lifetime, contributing to minimal waste.
- Good Energy Performance:
Building with CLT helps eliminate thermal bridges in the thermal envelope. While not an insulating material, wood provides a level of insulation that is superior to many other materials, allowing for thinner enclosures and maximizing usable surface area without compromising thermal requirements.
- Aesthetic Appeal and Architectural Warmth:
CLT offers great aesthetic possibilities. It can either be left exposed to showcase the natural beauty and warmth of the wood or covered with other materials for different visual effects.
